Incoterms 2010 and International Business - 101
Incoterms 2010 and International Business - 101
International Business: The Challenges of Globalization, 8th Edition, Wild & Wild
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Quick Study 1
1. Q: How might a subculture differ from the dominant culture?
A: A subculture can differ from the dominant culture in language, race, lifestyle, values, attitudes or other characteristics.
2. Q: What do we call the belief that one man’s culture is superior to that of others?
A: Ethnocentricity is the belief that one’s own ethnic group or culture is superior to that of others.
3. Q: What do we call detailed knowledge about a culture that enables a person to work happily within it?
A: Cultural literacy is the detailed knowledge about a culture that enables a person to work happily within it.
Quick Study 2
1. Q: What are examples of values?
A: Ideas, beliefs, and customs to which people are emotionally attached to are called values.
2. Q: What type of custom might a conservative group oppose in a culture?
A: Authorities in a strict religious district of Indonesia’s ACEH province banned Muslim women from wearing tight clothing, short skirts and blue jeans.
3. Q: The law that restricts the gift giving by U.S. firms at home and abroad is called?
A: The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act prohibits companies from giving large gifts to government officials, in order to win business favors.
Quick Study 3
1. Q: Social structure embodies a culture’s fundamental organization, including what?
A: Social structure embodies a culture’s fundamental organizations; including its groups and institutions, its system of social positions and their relationships, and the process by which its resources are distributed.
2. Q: A person and his or her immediate relatives including parents and siblings, is called what?
A: A nuclear family consists of a person’s immediate relatives, including parents, brothers and sisters.
3. Q: The departure of highly educated people from one profession, region, or nation to another is called what?
A: The “brain drain” phenomenon refers to the departure of highly educated people from one profession, geographic region, or nation to another.
Quick Study 4
1. Q: Which denomination of Christianity has a “work ethic” named after it?
A: Protestants believe that salvation comes from faith in God and that hard work gives glory to God—a tenet which is widely known as the “Protestant Work Ethic.”
2. Q: India is home to more than 90 percent of the adherents of which religion?
A: Hinduism formed around 4,000 years ago in present day India, where more than 90 percent of Hinduism’s 900 million adherents live.
3. Q: The Dalai Lama is the spiritual and political head of what religion?
A: The Dalai Lama is the spiritual and political head of the Buddhist culture.
Quick Study 5
1. Q: Every culture has a communication system that it uses to convey what?
A: People in every culture have a communication system to convey thoughts, feelings, knowledge, and information through speech, writing, and actions.
2. Q: A special language understood by two parties who speak different native languages is called what?
A: A lingua franca is a link language that is understood by two parties who speak different native languages. English is the lingua franca of global business, higher education, diplomacy, science, popular music, entertainment, and international travel. More than 70 nations give a special status to English (including India, Nigeria, and Singapore) and roughly one-quarter of the world’s population is fluent or competent in it.
3. Q: An interesting fact about body language is what?
A: Body language is important because it reflects cultural communication styles through unspoken movements. It communicates through hand gestures, facial expressions, physical greetings, eye contact, and the manipulation of personal space. Like spoken language, it communicates both information and feelings and differs greatly from one culture to another. Italians, for example, animate conversations with lively hand gestures and other body motions. Japanese and Koreans, although more reserved, communicate just as much information through their own body languages; a look of the eye can carry as much or more meaning as two flailing arms.
Quick Study 6
1. Q: People living in different cultures often have different views regarding their what?
A: They have differing beliefs and behaviors that can affect activities in the workplace. Such as, different perceptions of time, view of work and change.
2. Q: What is an example of cultural imperialism?
A: Fears of cultural imperialism still drive some French to oppose the products of the Walt Disney company and its Disneyland Paris theme park.
3. Q: The Kluckhohn-Strodtbeck framework does investigate whether people do what?
A: The Kluckhohn-Strodtbeck Framework compares cultures along six dimensions, asking the following questions:
1. Do people believe that their environment controls them, that they control the environment, or that they are part of nature?
2. Do people focus on past events, on the present, or on the future implications of their actions?
3. Are people easily controlled and not to be trusted, or can they be trusted to act freely and responsibly?
4. Do people desire accomplishments in life, carefree lives, or spiritual and contemplative lives?
5. Do people believe that individuals or groups are responsible for each person’s welfare?
4. Q: In the Hofstede framework, the term “power distance” refers to what?
A: It describes the degree of inequality between a culture’s people in different occupations.
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Practicing International Management Case
A Tale of Two Cultures
2-14. Q: If you worked for an international firm doing business in Asia, is there anything you would suggest to ease the tensions these cultures are experiencing? Be specific.
A: This question presents students with an ethical dilemma. Some students will say that their company is in business to earn a profit and that Asian consumers are not being forced to buy Western goods—they make a conscious decision when they make a purchase. Other students will feel a sense of responsibility to those societies in which they market their products. These students will want to suggest ways to lessen tensions in those societies. Some possibilities for this include doing charity work to help people suffering economic difficulties, financially supporting and giving employees time off to do volunteer work for cultural fairs and festivals, and making counselors available in the company to help employees with their troubles.
2. Q: Social ills in any country are normally born from a multitude of factors. What role if any, do you think globalization is having in higher reported rates of divorce, crime, and drug abuse in Asia?
A: Many students will agree that the forces of globalization are exposing people in all countries to new ways of thinking and behaving. However, many social ills are not a direct result of globalization, but of other forces causing social change. Drug use is certainly not a new problem in most countries—opium has been used across Asia for centuries. Also, many women in Asian cultures are no longer financially dependent on their spouses because of the growing employment of women in the workforce. Thus when marital problems arise, divorce can be a viable option unlike in the past. This is not a Western phenomenon being spread by globalization, but one tied to economic development and industrialization more generally.
3. Q: Broadly defined, Asia comprises more than 60 percent of the world’s population—a population that practices Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, and numerous other religions. Do you think it is possible to carry on a valid discussion of “Asian” values? Explain?
A: Clearly, there are important and significant differences between Asian societies. But some values tend to be Pan-Asian, including the extended family concept—in contrast to the nuclear family concept in Western cultures. Also, respect for community elders is deeply ingrained throughout Asia—unlike the Western emphasis on youth and vitality (most pronounced in the United States). Thus, certain cultural elements can be discussed as “Asian” just as we identify certain concepts and behaviors as “Western.” But the validity of generalizing about “Asian values” depends on the depth of the discussion. The deeper we explore Asian cultures, the more differences we uncover.
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VIDEOS
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EBOOKS
Incoterms 2010 - Ebook - link
Incoterms 2010 - Guides - link
Incoterms 2010 - Guides - Light Version - link
Incoterms 2010 - Q & A - link
Incoterms 2010 - English Vietnamese - link
Incoterms 2010 - Reviews - link
Incoterms 2010 - Incoterms new 2016 - Made easy e-Guides - link
Incoterms 2010 - Case Study Guides - link
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS - FREE DOWNLOADS
International Business: The New Realities, 4th Edition, Cavusgil, Knight & Riesenberger
International Business: The Challenges of Globalization, 8th Edition, Wild & Wild
International Business, 15th Edition, Daniels, Radebaugh & Sullivan
International Business: A Managerial Perspective, 8th Edition, Griffin & Pustay
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DOWNLOAD Video List - here
DOWNLOAD Test Bank - here
DOWNLOAD Case Study Guides - here
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